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Divine Agents: Speaking and Acting in God’s Stead (Endnotes)
1. Broughton and Southgate, op. cit., The Trinity, p. 64ff. Broughton and Southgate coined the term “God-manifestation” to represent these occasions when angels stood in for God. Close
2. (The Encyclopedia of the Jewish Religion, R. J. Z. Werblowsky and Geoffrey Wigoder. (New York, Adama Books, 1986), p. 15. Close
3. The Ryrie Study Bible, p. 30. Ryrie argues that in each of these “theophanies,” God Himself is present and acting, missing the point of the angelic agency. It is often argued that Jesus is probably “the angel of the Lord” because those words never appear after his birth, and it seems “reasonable” to Trinitarians that this angel would appear right on through the Bible. The fact is, however, that the angel of the Lord does appear after Jesus’ conception, which seems inconsistent with the premise that the angel of the Lord is the “pre-incarnate Christ.” The record of Jesus’ birth is well known. Mary was discovered to be pregnant with Jesus before she and Joseph were married, and Joseph, who could have had her stoned to death, decided to divorce her. However, “an angel of the Lord” appeared to him in a dream and told him the child was God’s. Matthew 1:24 states, “When Joseph woke up, he did what the angel of the Lord had commanded him and took Mary home as his wife.” Thus, Jesus was already in Mary’s womb when the angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph. From this we conclude that “the angel of the Lord” cannot be Jesus because Jesus was at that time “in the flesh” inside Mary. Close
4. The NIV Study Bible, p. 29. Close
5. For times that God Himself comes in the form of a man see Verses that Trinitarians use to Try and support the Trinity (Gen. 18:1). Close
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